Improving Ability and Lane Detection of Self-Directed-Car

Driverless vehicles are on the move to announcement by Google, which drove more than 500,000 miles on its original model vehicles and further key automakers specify the prospective enlargement in this region with the capability to convert the transportation infrastructure, enlarge access and convey settlement to variety of user. A few users address the anticipated unfinished convenience of self directed cars by 2020 with accessibility to the community by 2040.Certain trust that self-directed car make necessary to renovate the modern transportation that fundamentally removing coincidences andcleaning uptheroadenvironment.Thisstudyunderstandstheeffectsthat self- driving car orroboticvehicletravel demandsandride schemeislikelytohave,without thetypicalobstaclesthatallowsdetectionof vision basedhardwareandsoftware constructionof SDC (self-directed car) technologyandGold(GenericObstacleLaneDetection) toa knowledge-basedsystemtoexpectthepotentialandconsidertheshape,color, balancein organizedenvironmentwithcoloredlane patternswhichisimplemented by a particlefilter. Thealgorithm is implemented andtestingwereapprovedonroadsandthe consequences show the strength ofthe algorithm to the problemnatural in road location.Driverless vehicles are on the move to announcement by Google, which drove more than 500,000 miles on its original model vehicles and further key automakers specify the prospective enlargement in this region with the capability to convert the transportation infrastructure, enlarge access and convey settlement to variety of user. A few users address the anticipated unfinished convenience of self directed cars by 2020 with accessibility to the community by 2040.Certain trust that self-directed car make necessary to renovate the modern transportation that fundamentally removing coincidences andcleaning uptheroadenvironment.Thisstudyunderstandstheeffectsthat self- driving car orroboticvehicletravel demandsandride schemeislikelytohave,without thetypicalobstaclesthatallowsdetectionof vision basedhardwareandsoftware constructionof SDC (self-directed car) technologyandGold(GenericObstacleLaneDetection) toa knowledge-basedsystemtoexpectthepotentialandconsidertheshape,color, balancein organizedenvironmentwithcoloredlane patternswhichisimplemented by a particlefilter. Thealgorithm is implemented andtestingwereapprovedonroadsandthe consequences show the strength ofthe algorithm to the problemnatural in road location

Sampled-Data Sliding Mode Control Design of Single- Link Flexible Joint Robotic Manipulator

International audienceIn this paper, we have designed a sampled data control law for the single-link flexible joint robotic manipulator using two different approaches. First, we have designed the sampled-data sliding mode control (SMC) based on the continuous time system. In the second approach, we have obtained the approximate discrete model of the system and then designed discrete sliding mode control based on this approximate system. Simulation results have been obtained and a performance comparison has been presented for both techniques

Reflective in-band full duplex NOMA communications for secure 5G networks

In the context of Internet-of-Things (IoT), big Data analytic and the interconnected world, the scientific revolution is increasing the demand for an improved spectrum utilization. An efficient use of the existing spectrum is required for high data-rate transmission. There are several potential ways of solving the challenges of spectrum scarcity. In-Band Full Duplex (IBFD) and Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) are two techniques that can improve the spectral efficiency (SE) in a 5G and Beyond (5GB) cellular networks. This paper proposes a spectral efficient IBFD scheme, Reflective In-Band Full-Duplex (R-IBFD) algorithm for relay selection to improve security of the system with minimum interference. The interference is basically reduced by the addition of orthogonality between the transmitted and received signal in the IBFD mode. The proposed R-IBFD is evaluated with IBFD, Device-to-Device (D2D) and Artificial Noise (AN). Secrecy Outage Probability (SOP) and throughput is analysed for R-IBFD. The simulation results present the comparison between the R-IBFD and conventional decode-and-forward IBFD communication with one or more users operated as a relay

Coverage of Cancer News in Pakistani Print Media: A Content Analysis Study of Daily Pahenji Akhbar – A Sindhi Language Newspaper

Background: Newspaper coverage is a key source of cancer information. Although it was of profound significance to understand how the local newspapers of Pakistan cover the cancer news. Aims and Objectives: To counter this, the present study was aimed to examine the cancer news coverage of the last year 2020. Materials and Methods: Using content analysis technique, the whole year coverage in daily Pehnji Akhbar was investigated to determine which topic and the type of cancer were most frequently mentioned in the news, and what was the locality the cancer news was most frequently reported from. Results: In total, 90 cancer-related news were generated, out of which 7.5% of news were found as an average in each month during the whole year of 2020. Death was the topic of the majority (90%) of the news (contributing to 74% male deaths and 15% female deaths). However, blood, liver, throat, and mouth cancers were the most frequently mentioned-types in the news related to male victims. In terms of localities, the rural areas were the highest contributors of the 57 cancer news (contributing to 48% male victims and 14% female victims). Conclusion: It was found that cancer is increasing at an alarming rate in the rural areas of Sindh. Recommendations: Keeping in view the significance of the newspapers, it would help proffer the public with adequate information on cancer by increasing the mentions of particular types of common cancer. Also, it would be beneficial if the newspapers consider relating the news to the profiles of the victims. Keywords: Cancer, mortality, news reporting, print media, public healt

Bilateral Moyamoya Disease in a 2-Year-Old Pakistani Male Treated with Bilateral Encephaloduroarteriosynangiosis: A Positive Outcome.

Background. We present a rare case of bilateral moyamoya disease presenting as multiple strokes and neurological deficits, treated with the neurosurgical procedure, encephaloduroarteriosynangiosis (EDAS), in a 2-year-old male Pakistani minor. A positive outcome was achieved and the patient recovered fully. Case Summary. Our patient presented with a history of seizures and multiple episodes of hemiparesis (on and off weakness) at the age of 2 years. He had a delayed speech development and could not speak more than a few words. He had a slight slurring of speech too. He was diagnosed with bilateral moyamoya disease on Computed Tomography Angiography (CTA). Bilateral EDAS was done in the same year, after which his symptoms improved and patient had moderate functional recovery. Conclusion. A rare disease, moyamoya has been left unexplored in Pakistan; physicians and surgeons when dealing with cases in the pediatric population presenting with symptoms of stroke, signs of generalized weakness, and seizures should consider moyamoya disease as a possibility. Furthermore, this case demonstrates the effectiveness of EDAS procedure for the treatment of moyamoya disease

Interference management with reflective in-band full-duplex NOMA for secure 6G wireless communication systems

The electromagnetic spectrum is used as a medium for modern wireless communication. Most of the spectrum is being utilized by the existing communication system. For technological breakthroughs and fulfilling the demands of better utilization of such natural resources, a novel Reflective In-Band Full-Duplex (R-IBFD) cooperative communication scheme is proposed in this article that involves Full-Duplex (FD) and Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) technologies. The proposed R-IBFD provides efficient use of spectrum with better system parameters including Secrecy Outage Probability (SOP), throughput, data rate and secrecy capacity to fulfil the requirements of a smart city for 6th Generation (6thG or 6G). The proposed system targets the requirement of new algorithms that contribute towards better change and bring the technological revolution in the requirements of 6G. In this article, the proposed R-IBFD mainly contributes towards co-channel interference and security problem. The In-Band Full-Duplex mode devices face higher co-channel interference in between their own transmission and receiving antenna. R-IBFD minimizes the effect of such interference and assists in the security of a required wireless communication system. For a better understanding of the system contribution, the improvement of secrecy capacity and interference with R-IBFD is discussed with the help of SOP derivation, equations and simulation results. A machine learning genetic algorithm is one of the optimization tools which is being used to maximize the secrecy capacity

In vitro regeneration, detection of somaclonal variation and screening for mosaic virus in sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) somaclones

Three sugarcane accessions susceptible to sugarcane mosaic virus; HSF-240, S-2000-US-359, and S-2003-US-704 were evaluated for callogenesis and regeneration ability. For callogenesis, five different concentrations of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) was used. The best callogenesis was obtained when Murashige and Skoog (MS) was portified with 3 mg/L 2,4-D and the highest regeneration was obtained on media containing MS + kinetin 0.5 + 0.5 mg/L naphthalene acetic acid (NAA). After succesful regeneration and rooting on half strength MS medium, with 1.5 mg/L indole-3-butyric acid supplementation, plantlets were shifted to green house. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test was performed to detect the presence of sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV) in the regenerated plantlets and simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers were used to evaluate the genetic variation at DNA level between the parent’s plants and regenerated somaclones of the accession HSF-240. A total of 26 parent plants and 64 somaclones, among the regenerated plants were selected for the screening of virus through double antibody sandwich (DAS-ELISA) test. Four (4) parent plants out of the 26, showed negative reaction to the virus test. Ten (10) somaclones showed positive reaction to the disease, 9 somaclones showed mild reaction to virus and 45 somaclones showed negative reaction. For the detection of somaclonal variation, 38 primers pair were used and 15 simple sequence repeats (SSR) primer pairs were found to be polymorphic with 51.61% polymorphism. The study demonstrates that SSR genetic markers are the best tool for the investigation of genetic variation in sugarcane.Keywords: Callogenesis, somaclones, simple sequence repeats (SSR), genetic marker

Classic virilizing congenital adrenal hyperplasia presenting late: case series from Pakistan

Deficiency of 21 hydroxylase enzyme deficiency (21OH) activity accounts for 90% cases of congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH). This results in deficient cortisol, increased ACTH, adrenal hyperplasia and increased adrenal androgen secretion. There is marked virilization in genetic females which is the hallmark of this disorder. Genetic heterogeneity in 21 OHD is well recognized, and both severe and mild forms occur. We present three cases of adult females with the disease from a larger study to establish genotype, phenotype correlation of Pakistani patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) and to highlight issues such as diagnostic delay, inappropriate gender assignment at birth, and high degree of consanguinity among parents, psychosexual outcome of 21 OHD females and the need to develop expertise for early case detection. The analysis was done using Amplification Refractory Mutation System (ARMS) PCR. These cases show that CAH frequently remains undiagnosed during the newborn period in our population due to lack of awareness in the society and lack of proper diagnosis by the primary physician. There is a need to develop expertise for early case detection

Association of Her-2 Expression and Clinicopathological Parameters in Colorectal Carcinoma in Indian Population

BACKGROUND: Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2) is an oncogenic gene and a well-established therapeutic target in several cancers including breast and ovary. AIM: The present study aimed to compare HER-2 expression status with histological grades as well as Clinicopathological parameters including age, bleeding per rectum, pain/burning sensation in defecation and exercise. METHODS: Her-2 status was assessed by immunohistochemistry (IHC). RESULTS: Results of the study shows that 40.96% patients were Her-2 positive for expression and a statistically significant difference (p-value = 0.004) was observed in histological grades where most of the cases were of grade II. We also observed a significant difference in histological grades with gender (p-value = 0.04), as well as in both the age groups ≤ 55 years and > 55 years (p-value = < 0.0001). Patients with the bleeding rectum and pain/burning sensation in defecation had grade II/III tumours (93.4%, 88.7%) respectively. A significant association was observed between bleeding per rectum and pain/burning sensation in defecation. About 95% of patients with pain/burning sensation in defecation had bleeding per rectum. CONCLUSION: To conclude, Her-2 can be a potential prognostic marker in CRC. The role of age, tumour grade and bleeding per rectum/burning sensation in defecation are of significant worth. Thus, CRC cases of high grades can be screened for HER-2/neu positivity so that they can be subjected to mAb-based individualised therapy